Uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Camb.) is a native tree species from south Brazil, whose fruit is characterized by an intense fragance and pharmacological potential. This work aimed to obtain lipid fractions of this fruit by different methods -hydrodistillation (essential oil) and supercritical CO2 extraction (sCO2 extract)-, and characterize them in terms of volatile compounds profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Volatile compounds profile was determined using headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was determinated by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by microdilution method, using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride as indicator (bacteria) or by checking changes of RPMI-1640 media color (yeast). β caryophyllene (13.92%) and octyl isobutyrate (17.83%) were major compounds on essential oil and sCO2 extract, respectively. ORAC values for essential oil and sCO2 extract were 495.11 ± 5.52 and 133.56 ± 13.22 μmol Trolox equiv./g, respectively. Essential oil presented bacteriostatic activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 31.25 µg/mL), Bacillus cereus (MIC = 125 µg/mL) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 1000 µg/mL) strains. Bactericidal activity against Listeria innocua (MIC = 1.95 μg/mL and MBC = 3.91 μg/mL) and Escherichia coli (MIC = 15.63 μg/mL and MBC = 125 μg/mL) was tested. sCO2 extract showed citostatic activity against S. aureus (MIC = 250 µg/mL) and Candida albicans (MIC = 500 µg/mL) and it presented bactericidal activity against L. innocua (MIC = 7.81 µg/mL e MBC = 15.63 µg/mL). None of fractions evaluated showed activity against Salmonella enteritidis. Lipidic fractions presented significant differences in volatile composition, because supercritical fluid extraction was carried out under temperature and pressure conditions (40 °C and 35 MPa) that favored overall yield but possibly affected volatile fraction. Differences observed on antioxidant and antimicrobial activities suggest that, in general, volatile fraction is more active with respect to such biological properties.