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FORMATION OF TURMERIC EXTRACT-LOADED STRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS BY SUPERCRITICAL MELT MICRONISATION
Victor Jesús Aredo Tisnado
Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alta Pressão e Produtos Naturais (LTAPPN), Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo
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Create a topicTurmeric extract (TE) is rich in curcumin (a broad-spectrum bioactive), which versatile use requires carrier systems. In this context, TE-loaded structured lipid carriers (SLCs) formed by supercritical technology are promising due to high carrier material-process compatibility and low thermal impact. This study focused on the feasibility of TE-loaded SLC formation by supercritical melt micronisation using Beeswax (BW) and Brazil nut oil (BNO) as carrier materials. Formulations of mixtures with 4:3:1, 2:1:1, and 4:1:3 (w/w/w) ratios of BW/BNO/TE were of interest. The process consisted of contacting the mixture with supercritical CO2 (300 bar and 60 °C) in autoclave with agitation at 1250 rpm. After 1 hour, the CO2-rich mixture passed through a nozzle (203.2 µm) and precipitated in a particle chamber. The SLCs were characterized regarding their morphology, melting temperature/volumetric expansion, internal physical structure, polymorphism, thermal profile, and chemical structures by scanning electronic microscopy, phase monitoring, confocal laser microscopy, x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The SLCs were powders with yellowish and free flowing appearance. These powders had no important morphological differences between formulations. They were sponge-like structures with estimated mean size of 100 µm, which were composed by elliptical merged lobules with estimated mean size of 5 µm. There were minimal differences between formulations in melting temperature (52.6-53.0 °C) and volumetric expansion (39.2-42.0%). The similar results can be explained by the constant 1:1 (w/w) ratio of solid material (BW)/liquid material (BNO/TE) used in the formulations. The other properties revealed that in SLCs there was no chemical alteration of materials and TE was incorporated uniformly into the crystalline lattice of BW with stable polymorphism (β’:0.42/0.38 nm). Formation of TE-loaded SLCs by supercritical melt micronisation is feasible and could have potential as alternative carrier system to facilitate incorporation of TE in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
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