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Characterization of baru nut (Dipteryx alata Vog.) oil
CAMILA PESSOA
Francisco Gavidia University
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Create a topicBaru is an oleaginous plant with potential for the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The Baru nut is composed of about 38% oils, therefore has a high potential for oil extraction. Vegetable oils are sources of fatty acids that play an energetic and hormonal role and are rich in vitamins and minerals that have regulatory functions. Therefore, this work evaluated the fatty acid profile in the oil extracted from Baru nuts. In addition, the oil was evaluated for oxidative stability and mineral content. The oil was extracted in a continuous press (ECIRTEC MUE-40) with stainless steel helical thread at 85°C. Baru nut oil is composed of unsaturated fats (80%) (mono-unsaturated (50.70%) and poly-unsaturated (29.20%)), and saturated fats (20%). Thus, Baru nut oil had 50.93% omega 9, 28.83% omega 6, and 0.15% omega 3. The main fatty acids found in Baru nut oil were oleic acid (48.22%), linoleic acid (28.83%), alpha linolenic (0.15%), palmitic (6.16%), palmitoleic (0 .05%), margaric (0.07%), stearic (5.16%), myristic (0.02%), arachidic (1.26%), cis-11-eicosenoic (2.43%), cis 11-14 eicosadienoic (0.05%), behenic (3.31%), erucic (0.24%), tricosanoic (0.08%), lignoceric (4.41%), and nervous (0.04%). Baru nut oil had low acidity in oleic acid of 0.17%, peroxide index of 2.88 meq/kg, iodine index of 87.34, unsaponifiable matter 0.25%, and good oxidative stability (27 days). Regarding the mineral profile, the Baru nut oil had a low concentration of calcium (7.14 mg/kg), sodium (11.91 mg/kg), potassium (8.95 mg/kg), selenium (0 .06 mg/kg), and boron (24.30 mg/kg). In addition, the oil had a high concentration of vitamin E (gamma-tocopherol (14.57mg/kg), and alpha-tocopherol (51.38 mg/kg)) and 140.26 mg/kg of cholesterol. Baru oil showed high nutritional and technological potential, as it has large amounts of unsaturated fats that are beneficial to health, rich in vitamin E, and has good oxidative stability.
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