Curcuminoids are phenolic compounds found in Curcuma longa rhizomes, which present interesting properties for medical, pharmaceutical and food industries such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. However, application is limited by their poor water solubility, which directly affects bioavailability. Enhanced solubility and stability of these compounds to external factors may be achieved by nanoencapsulation techniques. Nevertheless, large scale use is still difficult due to high time consumption, resources and high costs when extraction and encapsulation processes are conducted separately. The aim of this work was to produce curcuminoid-loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone nanoparticles during their extraction from Curcuma longa rhizomes. Optimization of the experimental conditions was performed by Central Composite Design (CCD) methodology with temperature, ethanol percentage in the solvent and encapsulant mass as independent variables. Quantification of the extracted curcuminoids and their water solubility were carried out by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The extraction yield and water solubility of the curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin) were quantified after the experimental design and fitted to quadratic models, resulting in eight statistically significant regressions (p < 0.05). Desirability functions and simplex sequential algorithm were used for the simultaneous optimization of the responses. The optimized experimental conditions were 29.9°C, 99% ethanol and 15.38 mg PVP. At this point, the predicted water solubility for bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin and curcumin were 0.0015, 0.0014 and 0.0038 mg.mgcúrcuma-1, respectively, and 10,9% extraction yield for total curcuminoids. Nanoparticles were produced under the optimal conditions and characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Infrared Spectroscopy, X Ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering. It was demonstrated the efficient encapsulation of the curcuminoids and the change of the physical state of curcuminoids from crystalline to amorphous. Nanoparticles presented average diameter of 120 nm and spherical morphology. One may conclude that it was possible to simultaneously extract and encapsulate the curcuminoids from turmeric.