The aim of this study was to determine whether a diet containing cereals enriched with fruits of Amazonian palm trees leads to cholesterol and triglycerides reduction compared to a diet with corn-based cereals. Thirty Wistar rats were randomized and divided equally into three groups: corn, peach-, and açaí palm. Each group was fed daily with ration based on cereals. Fruit-enriched cereals were prepared from peach-palm (Bactris gasipaes HBK) and açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea) pulps, while conventional cereals were made based on corn. After 30 days of feeding, blood was withdrawed and routine hematology, serum biochemistry and liver histology were evaluated. All hematologic parameters such as hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells (and their indices) as well as total leukocytes and differential white cell counts (lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and basophils) did not vary among the different diets with cereals. Animals fed with corn-based cereals occasionally presented some hepatocytes with lipid drops, while açaí-based cereal diets rendered hepatocytes with high glycogen content, as evidenced though PAS reaction. Cereals prepared with fruits of peach- and açaí palms significantly reduced total and LDL cholesterols. Furthermore, the açaí-based cereal also reduced the levels of total triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol and blood glucose. We concluded that cereals based on fruits from Amazonian palm trees did not affect hematological parameters; but reduced blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol levels, and may help to reduce the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.