EXTRACTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS PRESENT IN EGLETES VISCOSA LESS (“Macela-da-Terra”)
Egletes viscosa Less, a herbaceous plant popularly known as "Macela-da-Terra", is used in brazilian traditional medicine due to the presence of bioactive compounds with scientificaly proven gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antidiarrheal, muscular relaxing and antispasmodic activity. Considering the traditional herb consumption at Brazil's northeast and the potential application of some of its constituents at the pharmaceutical area, it is important to verify a proper extraction process to obtain the maximum of these substances. To the present day, there were no reports of extraction techniques for the obtainment of Macela-da-terra's compounds in the literature. In this context, a extraction process in Soxhlet with intact and grounded dry flower buds was carried out in order to evaluate the extraction's yields and to perform the identification of the bioactive compounds in “Macela-da-Terra”. Five grams of dried flower buds were extracted in Soxhlet apparatus with 150 ml of chloroform PA under the conditions of 5 to 7 siphons per hour, steady temperature of 70ºC and permanent reflux of 10 hours. After extraction, the solution was evaporated in a vacuum rotating evaporator and the crude extract was obtained. The extraction's yields were calculated based on the ratio between the mass of the crude extract and the mass of the buds initially used in the extractions. The global yield for grounded flower buds was 10,58%, resulting in a percentage twice larger than the whole flower buds (4,38%). The identification of the compounds was performed in UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS / MS, in which the three main pharmacologically active compounds present in Macela-da-terra (ternatin, centipedic acid and hawtriwaic acid lactone) were identified, as well as kerlinolide and 12-epi-bacchotricuneatin, which also have scientifically proven pharmacological activity.