Development of biofilms from fermented yam starch(Diosocorea trifida)
The objective of this study was to characterize the fermented starch character and development of biodegradable films. For the extraction of starch the tubers were washed, sectioned in smaller pieces, crushed, filtered and submitted to fermentation for a period of 14 and 21 days, being the successful discarded and the sedimentated material dehydrated at room temperature. A preparation of the films by gelatinization was performed by water-starch-glycerol mixtures, varying the concentration of glycerol in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme, with five concentrations of glycerol (0, 0.5, 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 mL) in two fermentation periods (14 and 21 days) and 6 replicates, totaling 60 experimental units. Analyzes of moisture, ashes, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates titratable acidity and pH were performed. The starch films were oriented to the function of their thickness, solubility, for scanning microscopy and their structure for analysis with electronic microscope. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and as means of the repetitions were compared by the Tukey test at 1% of probability. The results of the physico-chemical analyzes show that there are differences between ashes (0.05 and 0.31), proteins (0.79 and 0.99) pH (6 and 8.73). The contents of ash, starch (87.35 and 87.32) and titratable acidity (1,13 and 1,27) of the sprinkles prepared within the limits fixed by the legislation. There was a significant difference in interaction between the fermentation time and glycerol concentration factors, without which the 1.0 mL concentration was the best. The films at 14 days of fermentation presented better, the native starch presented with lower solubility and thickness. As the glycerol was added the films became thicker and more soluble. A scanning electron microscope showed that the native starch a matrix had become more homogeneous, as the glycerol is added some starch granules are not fully solubilized.