BIOSORBENT OBTAINED FROM RESIDUAL JABUTICABA PEEL FOR ANTHOCYANIN RECUPERATION AND PURIFICATION

The jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) is a Brazilian fruit whose peel is discarded during food processing; however, it has commercial potential. The aim of this work was to synthesize into a biosorbent of the residual jabuticaba peel (RJP) for the purification of anthocyanins. Also, evaluate the adsorptive capacity of the adsorbents obtained from different chemical activations. The biosorbent was obtained from the calcination (400 °C; 4 h) of RJP, and it was chemically activated with H3PO4 (85%; v v-1), HNO3 (50% v v-1), and KOH (100 %) in the ratio of 1:1 (m m-1), the material was later taken to a muffle furnace at 400 °C; 4 h. The adsorption tests were carried out using an extract of jabuticaba peel (30 g L-1) obtained using acidified water (pH 2) under agitation for 24 h. The different biosorbents in the proportion of 1 g L-1 were placed in contact with 50 mL of the extract under agitation at 100 RPM for 24 h for evaluation of the adsorption of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) in high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (520 nm). The results of the adsorption process were expressed as the percentage of removal of C3G from the aqueous solution. The H3PO4 biosorbent had the better removal of C3G, with aprox. 40 %, higher than that obtained with the materials activated by KOH and HNO3, presumably because the surface of the biosorbent in H3PO4 has a more significant number of active sites, higher surface area, and a better superficial electrostatic interaction with C3G molecules. The process of obtaining biosorbents from agro-industrial residues such as RJP shows a potential application for the purification of anthocyanins.