The environmental impacts resulting from petroleum-derived packaging materials have increased significantly, making it a critical problem. Therefore, due to their potential applications and the possibility of minimizing these impacts, the development of biodegradable packaging in place of materials from non-renewable and non-biodegradable sources point out as a promising alternative. The objective was to develop a nanobiocomposite based on cassava starch and nanoparticles of the same polymer matrix and evaluate the degradation time. The nanoparticles were obtained by acid hydrolysis and the nanocomposite films containing cassava starch (4% by weight), starch nanoparticles (0.1 to 10.0% by weight) and glycerol (2.1% by weight) were developed by the casting method. To evaluate biodegradability, prepared soil was used, mixing fertile soil with low clay content, dry and sieved beach sand (40 mesh), dry horse manure, following ASTM G-160-03. The films were packed in polystyrene plates with the soil prepared and in different systems to be removed and weighed after 2, 4, 12, 15 and 17 weeks. The plates were placed in appropriate greenhouses, according to the methodology proposed by LEITE et al., (2010). Although efforts to produce nanobiocomposites are challenging due to difficulties in achieving the ideal balance between properties, cost and acceptable percentage of biodegradability, a high mass loss of the nanocomposites was observed during monitoring, regardless of the concentration of incorporated nanoparticles, presenting final mass loss of 79 to 84%. Studies indicate that the main change that a biodegradable polymer undergoes is the decrease in mass due to the degradation of nanocomposites originating smaller molecules. It is concluded that the nanocomposite has biodegradable behavior independent of the concentrations studied and its application is a viable alternative.