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OPPORTUNITIES TO DECREASE FROZEN CONCENTRATED ORANGE JUICE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Juliana Porto
Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos / Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Universidade Estadual de Campinas
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Create a topicBrazilian exports of frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) is an expressive economic activity, especially in São Paulo State, representing 80% of the total FCOJ production. From the total in natura orange production, 85% is intended for the juice industry. Up to now, orange peels (OP), juice industry by-products, are mainly intended for animal feed. All of the FCOJ production and exports steps are greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters, being mineral fertilizers requirements, and diesel, the main GHG emissions contributors. The objective of the study was to assess the potential GHG emissions avoidance from the adoption of Anaerobic Digestion (AD) of OP to replace electric energy. The replacement of the electric energy acquired from the Brazilian National Integrated Grid by local energy generated from the biogas combustion (biomass energy), is a potential strategy to reduce the GHG emissions from the traditional energy sources. Based on the total OP produced by the FCOJ industry and the potential electric energy generation from biogas, the GHG avoidance from AD was estimated and compared to the literature-reported emissions. The results indicated that AD of OP would reduce the GHG emissions by 17% compared to OP employed as animal feed since GHG avoidance was estimated as 1.37 kg CO2/ton OP and OP for animal feed was reported to emit 8 kg CO2/ton OP. Moreover, based on the FCOJ production, including all the production steps from the field to the industry, the results showed a potential GHG avoidance of 7.36 kg CO2/l FCOJ. The average Brazilian FCOJ emissions account for 0.69 kg CO2/l FCOJ. Hence, OP energy recovery by AD could fully offset the emissions from the industry. Accordingly, the results allows inferring that the AD of OP would be an outstanding decarbonization strategy for the FCOJ industry towards the circular economy development.
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