APPLICATION OF qPCR MULTIPLEX AND HIGH RESOLUTION MELTING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENT ANIMAL SPECIES IN MEAT PRODUCTS
The use of an animal species with a lower economic value is a device often used as a fraud to reduce the value of a meat product. The identification of frauds by substitution of animal species may result in economic losses, therefore it is necessary the identification of the feedstock origin used in these products. Nucleic acid amplification techniques have been evolving and being used as an auxiliary form by the meat inspection system for evaluation of compliance in meat products. The objective of the present work is to identify different animal species in meat products using qPCR technique followed by High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis. It was used samples of beef, lamb, pork, horse and chicken for determination of an analysis control and twenty samples divided in pure and mixed products. The samples DNA was extracted using a commercial kit. It was used initiator oligonucleotides to amplify a fragment of the cytB gene, specific to beef, lamb, pork, horse and chicken. The specific identification of the amplified qPCR products was made by the analysis of the dissociation in high resolution (HRM). The acquisition of fluorescent data and the construction of dissociation profiles were made by the use of HRM v. 2.0 software. The HRM technique showed high sensitivity and specificity on the identification of samples composed of only one type of meat and was also capable of identify in the samples of mixed products made by the combination of pork and chicken; chicken, beef and pork; chicken and beef. It was not observed any presence of lamb or horse meat in the analyzed samples. Therefore, it is possible to use HRM technique as a fast, sensitive and easily evaluated tool for detection of different animal species in meat products.