Food components that improve glucose homeostasis and attenuate adiposity have been target of obesity-related researches. Passiflora edulis peel (PEP) is rich in fiber, mainly pectin, and polyphenols, substances associated with improvement of mentioned conditions. We investigated whether PEP plays a role in physiological mechanisms for improvement of glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats (n=8) were fed on high- fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks and then, they were switched to HFD containing 2.5% PEP (HFPF) for an additional 6 weeks. Animals fed on low-fat diet (C) (n=8) and HFD (n=8) were maintained for all 10 weeks as control. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were investigated through glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) at 9 week. After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed, fat tissues were dissected and weighted and serum samples analyzed for adipokines and incretins through immunoassay using Luminex technology. Cumulative body weight gain and fat pads weight of HFD group were 12.01% and 21.72%, respectively, higher than HFPF. HFD presented higher values for area under curve (AUC) during GTT, compared to C, but not to HFPF. Nevertheless, HFPF was equal to C in this parameter. PEP has significantly improved insulin sensitivity, shown through the enhancement of the constant rate for glucose disappearance (kITT) during ITT. kITT is positively related with insulin sensitivity, and its value for HFPF-fed rats was higher compared with HF and equal to C group. PEP significantly decreased leptin concentration, while increased adiponectin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) levels compared with HFD, which can attenuate deleterious effects of HFD. Incretins and adipokines modulation represents positive metabolic effect of PEP and supports the evidence that PEP may be a useful dietary component to assist prevention of adiposity and insulin resistance, by synergic action of polyphenols and fibers.