VALORIZATION OF MANGO AND JACKFRUIT WASTE AS A PROMISING SOURCE OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) are widely used in food production. The pulp is the main part used, while the seeds and peel are generally discarded. This study aims to evaluate the potential of using mango and jackfruit waste as a source of bioactive compounds. The jackfruit and mango were obtained on the USP Ribeirão Preto campus. Each part of the residue from the mango and jackfruit was separated manually. For jackfruit, we use the first and second seed coats, the seeds without their coats and seeds. For mango, we use the peel, epicarp, cotyledon without the coat, cotyledon coat, whole cotyledon and seeds. The antioxidant activity of each residue fraction was characterized by ABTS and DPPH radical methods. Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and carotenoids were characterized using spectrophotometry. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test at 95% confidence level. Mango waste fractions exhibited higher concentrations of bioactive compounds compared to those derived from jackfruit. The cotyledon of the mango has the highest antioxidant content (40.4 mM Trolox equivalent per gram (dry matter) by DPPH assay and 44.5 mM Trolox equivalent per gram (d.m) by ABTS assay, as well as the highest levels of total phenol compounds (516.2 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram (d.m)), flavonoids (2.1 mg quercetin equivalent per gram (d.m)) and total carotenoids (61.7 μg β-carotene equivalent per gram (d.m)). While in Jaca, it was found that the second seed coat had a higher concentration of bioactive compounds. The DPPH method revealed an antioxidant content of 6.1 mM Trolox equivalent per gram (d.m), whereas the ABTS method revealed an antioxidant content of 7.4 mM Trolox equivalent per gram (d.m). The sample also contained high levels of total phenols (52.8 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram (d.m)), flavonoids (1.3 mg quercetin equivalent per gram (d.m)) and total carotenoids (115.8 μg β-carotene equivalent per gram (d.m)). On the other hand, the seed without their coat of jackfruit and the epicarp of mango had the lowest concentration of bioactive compounds. Therefore, this study showed that the bioactive composition of each fraction of mango and jackfruit waste is different. Notably, the cotyledon coat of mango demonstrated the greatest abundance of these compounds, underscoring its potential as a sustainable and valuable substrate for the development of functional foods and nutraceutical formulations.