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EXTRACTION OF ANTHOCYANINS FROM JUÇARA (Euterpe edulis Mart.) RESIDUES USING PRESSURIZED LIQUIDS

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In the recent years there has been a large interest in finding new sources of natural pigments that make human diet more functional and healthy. Juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.), has attracted the attention of researchers due to its content of beneficial bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanins. These antioxidant compounds are known for their sequestering properties of free radicals. The industrial processing of juçara generates residues with high biological potential by their biocompounds. In this context, the aim of this work was to study the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) of anthocyanins from industrial residues of juçara, and to evaluate the functional potential of the extracts. Consequently, PLE was evaluated using a fixed pressure (10 MPa) and different solvents (ethanol, acidified mixture (pH 2.0) of ethanol:water 50% v:v, water and acidified water (pH 2.0)) at different temperatures (40, 60 and 80 °C). All extractions were evaluated in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), monomeric anthocyanin content (MAC) and antioxidant activity (AA) by the DPPH method. For all experiments a statistical comparison from Tukey’s test was performed, by analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that acidified water at 40 °C was the best condition for the extraction of anthocyanins (191,411 mg C3GE/100 g dry residue) and it was found that the increase of temperature has a negative effect on the yield of these biocompounds due to their instability at high temperatures. On the other side, the increase of temperature enhanced the recovery of phenolics (51,346 mg GAE/ g dry residue) obtained with acidified mixture of ethanol:water 50% v:v at 80 °C, which are directly related to the antioxidant capacity of the present compounds in the raw material. Therefore, PLE achieved satisfactory results and shows the potential of juçara residues as sources for high value products.