Epidemiological profile and vaccination coverage in 2023: a cluster analysis

Operations Research has been applied in the health field as a multidisciplinary approach that uses diverse knowledge for structuring problems and planning goals. The objectives of this study were: to verify the epidemiological profile and vaccination coverage in 2023, to identify the immunobiologicals that are within and outside the target stipulated by the Ministry of Health, and to identify scenarios that present weaknesses in meeting the vaccination targets. K-means was used as a method for clustering data and grouping information on vaccination coverage in municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro. It is concluded that the grouping of 9 clusters made it possible to identify that the immunobiologicals that require a booster dose are below the vaccination coverage target and that the municipalities located in the North of Rio de Janeiro are the most fragile and need strategies that identify the causes of low adherence to immunization.