DYNAMIC EVALUATION OF THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX BY DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS AND MALMQUIST INDEX

The purpose of this article is to apply Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Index on the Global Innovation Index (GII) database of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), showing a different perspective on the performance of countries in their innovation and intellectual property projects and products. This new "look" at the GII has made it possible, for example, to show that countries with isolated high performance do not stand out as much when analyzed together and compared to countries with more modest performances, and vice versa. In 2023, the GII analyzed data from 132 countries, selecting a sample of 33 countries, including Brazil, that are at the same income level, according to WIPO. The evaluation with the Malmquist DEA explored five inputs and two outputs of the GII between 2018 and 2023, using R software applications to perform the calculations and produce the graphs.