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Introduction and objectives: Since 2013 the Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) has formally signed in the Mais Medicos para o Brasil project (PMMB) as a Supervising Institution (SI), which makes it responsible for the Academic Supervision. According the legislation concerning this project, the Academic Supervision is the way to provide continuing education for the doctors that participate of this project. Today with 102 supervisors, the UFSJ attend to 871 doctors who are in several cities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This paper aimed to determine the educational theory chosen by the SI to guide the supervisors’ activities with the doctors. Methods: document analysis of the material produced by the UFSJ and the Brazilian´s Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health between the years 2013 and 2015 about the PMMB. Results and conclusion: according to the studied documents, the Academic Supervision must consider the participant doctor’s experience as unique and develop competence in order to strengthen Primary Health Care in Brazil. The analysis of the documents has indicated andragogy as the base theory for UFSJ supervision. The elements that expressed this were: the focus of educational activities on the needs assessment communicated by the participant doctor; and a comprehensive approach to these needs considering the learners’ life and experienced problems.