Enzymatic hydrolysis applied to grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) MOENCH)

Sorghum is an easy-to-manage crop, adaptable to different conditions

environmental, with low sensitivity to temperature, salinity and drought variations,

in addition to requiring less fertilizer and irrigation. Because it is annual and has a short cycle (100–

120 days), can be grown between main crops, favoring farming systems

sustainable. This study evaluated the enzymatic hydrolysis of sorghum in three proportions

sorghum:water (1:3; 1:4; 1:5), corresponding to 65 g of sorghum for 195, 260 and 325 mL of

water. The samples were pH adjusted to 5.8, heated to 85 °C and treated

with α-amylase (0.025%, 90 min). Then the temperature of the material

gelatinized/dextrinized was set to 65 °C, amyloglucosidase was added

(0.056%, 1 h). After centrifugation (4000 rpm; 20 min), solids were determined

soluble (°Brix) and total reducing sugars (ART) by DNS. The results indicated

which 1:3 showed 16.1 °Brix, 46 mL and ART of 79.0 g/L; 1:4, 12.1 °Brix, 95 mL and 53.6

g/L; 1:5, 10.0 °Brix, 160 mL, 61.3 g/L and higher hydrolysis efficiency (≈20.9%,

considering starch = 65%). It was concluded that the 1:5 ratio was the most efficient for the production of sorghum hydrolysate.