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Development of a method for determination of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in meat
Caroline Mayara Pessoa
Universidade Estadual de Campinas
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Crie um tópicoOPFRs are used to prevent or to delay combustion of flammable materials. These compounds are not chemically bonded to materials and can be released to the environment and affect humans through dietary exposure. There are few studies regarding the contamination of food matrices by these compounds. The present study aims to develop an analytical method using GC-MS in order to evaluate nine OPFRs in food matrices and estimate human exposure to these compounds through the consumption of meat. Firstly, tests were carried out using classic QuEChERS to assess the method efficiency for extraction of OPFRs from meat. Spiked meat samples (500 ng g-1 for classic QuEChERS and 50 ng g-1 for modified QuEChERS) and procedural blanks were used to verify the recovery and selectivity. Furthermore, the instrumental repeatability was measured through the relative standard deviation obtained for quintuplicate injections of a standard solution prepared in the matrix extract. The instrumental repeatability ranged from 2.6% to 10%, except for tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) with 27%. The recoveries ranged from 73% to 143%, except for Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) with 221%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 2.6 to 17% (except TEHP - 125%). The classic QuEChERS method for determination of OPFRs in meat using GC-MS (ion trap) resulted in limits of detection in the order of 20 to 300 ng g-1, levels that were considered high based on the levels reported for OPFRs in meat (usually lower than 20 ng g-1). Thus, some modifications in the QuEChERS method were evaluated in order to concentrate the extract for decreasing the limits of detection. Low temperature partition after acetonitrile extraction followed by concentration of the whole supernatant organic phase (acetonitrile) was evaluated. The extracts were evaporated to dryness under a gentle nitrogen stream after clean-up and redissolved with 300 µL of ethyl acetate. Additional tests were performed using different solvents (dichloromethane and ethyl acetate) for washing the sorbent after the dispersive-solid phase extraction (d-SPE) clean-up. Ethyl acetate was chosen because it showed a better recovery, ranging 61% to 118% with standard deviation ranging from 6% to 14%, except 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) and TBOEP, with standard deviation of 51% and 48%, respectively. Based on these results, we concluded that the present methodology is promising for extracting OPFRs from meat samples.
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