PEACH PALM SHELLS BIOCONVERSION BY Lentinula edodes: POTENTIAL AS A NEW NUTRACEUTICAL BIOPRODUCT FOR REGENERATIVE PROCESSES

Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) is a valuable source of bioactive compounds with nutraceutical benefits for human health. This study aimed to develop a food bioproduct, Shiitake mycelium, and mushrooms, and characterize them as potential regenerative agents. The bioproduct was developed through solid-state fermentation of Bactris gasipaes waste (peach palm shells) supplemented with sorghum flour (20%), by L. edodes. Shiitake mushrooms were cultivated in an axenic system (same substrate) and L. edodes mycelium was cultivated in a submerged system (synthetic media). Bioactive compounds were analyzed: β-glucans (enzymatic colorimetric method), total phenolic (Folin-Ciocalteu method), and hydrophilic/lipophilic (gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy). Cytotoxicity tests (MTT assay) were performed on 3T3 fibroblast and Human dermal fibroblast cells at different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 12.5, and 25 mg/ml). The bioproduct, mushrooms, and mycelium showed high β-glucan content (9.44, 29.53, and 22.84 g/100g, respectively), linked to healing, tissue regeneration, collagen synthesis, anti-inflammatory effects, and immune modulation. Significant levels of other compounds associated with tissue regeneration and antioxidant properties were also found in the bioproduct and mushrooms (GC-MS), such as phenolic compounds (6.33 and 5.56 mg/g, respectively), glucosamine, proline, phenylalanine, mannitol, trehalose, octadecadienoic-acid-methyl-ester, tyrosine, and erythritol. Cytotoxicity results showed that the lowest the concentration of mushrooms and mycelium, the highest the cell viability, with a maximum (0.1 mg/ml) of 69.23% and 64.08% for 3T3 cells and 100.28% and 94.56% for Human dermal cell. The bioproduct was non-toxic at all concentrations tested, with cell viability exceeding 70%, and significantly stimulated cell proliferation for 3T3 (73.60%-702.51%) and Human dermal cells (98.63%-800.52%). Results indicate that the fungus synthesizes compounds with the potential to be explored for new drugs and cosmetics research. This study highlighted the sustainable reuse of agro-industrial waste to produce a bioproduct for human health while supporting the circular bioeconomy and helping mitigate environmental impacts associated with waste disposal.