Food and Nutrition Security in Quilombola Communities

Food and nutrition security (FNS) is a fundamental right that ensures access to quality food in sufficient quantity, but it is still distant for many Brazilians, especially quilombola communities, who face historical, socioeconomic and cultural vulnerabilities. The persistence of food insecurity (FI) in these groups highlights the insufficiency of public policies to overcome structural inequalities. This study aimed to analyze FNS in quilombola communities in Brazil, highlighting historical, social and cultural conditions that limit its effectiveness. The relevance of the research is justified by the scarcity of studies that address this traditional population in depth, contributing to the understanding of food inequalities in marginalized ethnic groups. Methodologically, this is a narrative review, carried out between January and August 2025, through articles from the SciELO, PubMed, LILACS, and VHL databases, in addition to official national and international documents. We selected 38 studies published between 2015 and 2025. The results indicated a high prevalence of food insecurity, associated with low socioeconomic indicators, low education, structural racism, dependence on social programs and increased consumption of processed foods to the detriment of traditional subsistence practices. It is concluded that AI in quilombola communities is multifactorial and requires effective and specific public policies that consider their historical and cultural particularities to guarantee the right to adequate food and reduce social inequalities.