EFFECT OF VITAMIN D3 SUPPLEMENTATION ON INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES - a systematic review

Introduction: Vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol, is vital for bone and immune health. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with inflammatory disorders due to its role in immune regulation. This review assessed the impact of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation by analyzing inflammatory biomarkers in patients with different vitamin D3 levels. Methods and Results: A PubMed search using MeSH terms "vitamin D3" and "inflammatory biomarkers" was performed. This systematic review, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, included only English articles published up to January 2017. Studies were excluded if they involved other treatments, were not focused on immunomodulation, or were non-clinical trials. Of 26 selected clinical trials, 6 (with 500 participants) were included. Two studies showed conflicting results in IL-6 and TNF-α levels; one indicated a significant decrease compared to the control group¹ (P=0.02), while the other found no significant difference but a decrease in the supplemented group². Another study noted a decrease in these biomarkers after supplementation³. Two additional studies found no effect of supplementation (one with high doses of vitamin D3) on multiple sclerosis⁴ (P=0.74) and systemic inflammation⁵. The sole study that included patients with both vitamin D3 insufficiency/deficiency and sufficiency found decreased IL-1β and TNF-α in deficient/insufficient patients and regulation of NF-ĸB and Nrf2 expression in all groups compared to the control⁶ (P<0.05). Conclusion: This review provide evidence on the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in patients with vitamin D deficienty (IL-6). More research is needed to examine its effects at high doses and in individuals with adequate vitamin D3 levels.

1 Horm Res Paediatr. (2020) 93:292

2 Diabetes Metab Syndr. (2018) 12:795

3 J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. (2018) 178:27

4 Acta Neurol Scand. (2020) 142:227

5 Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. (2021) 31:2484

6 Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). (2022) 68:2