ORAL FORMULATION WITH SYAGRUS COCOIDES MARTIUS AND ITS USE IN CARDIAC COMORBIDITIES

INTRODUCTION: The Syagrus genus belongs to the Arecaceae family and several studies have already revealed the benefits of its use, such as its antioxidant, anticholinesterase and hypoglycemic potential. The aim of this study was to develop a pharmaceutical formulation from the hydroethanolic extract of freeze-dried Syagrus cocoides Martius (SYA) and to use it for cardiac comorbidities by increasing diuresis. METHODS: The extract was obtained from the fruit of Syagrus cocoides by maceration with hydroalcoholic solution and the final product was SYA, which was subjected to freeze-drying to obtain freeze-dried SYA. Healthy male Wistar rats weighing between 150-200g were used. They were randomized into 04 groups, with Group I (RW-G1) being the healthy control, which received distilled water (10mL/kg); Group II (RW-G2) Hydrochlorothiazide (0.01 g/Kg); while Group III (RW-G3) and Group IV (RW-G4) received the Syagrus formulation (SYA) at dosages of 0.1 g/Kg to 0.3 g/Kg. The rats received oral treatment by gavage for 7 days. Blood was collected in tubes without anticoagulants and centrifuged at 3500 rpm to separate the serum, and plasma and urinary concentrations of Na+, K+ and Cl- were obtained. The Shapiro-Wilk test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were carried out. Differences were considered significant when p< 0.05, using GraphPad Prism version 9.0 software. Study approved by CEUA/UFMA (process no. 23115.010680/2020-78). RESULTS: The parameters analyzed showed that SYA significantly increased diuresis in both dosages administered (0.1 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg), indicating a dose-dependent effect, with results superior to those of the thiazide diuretic in the analysis of diuretic action. Furthermore, SYA did not alter electrolyte levels or urinary flow. It was found to have an effect on increasing natriuretic activity and decreasing serum osmolarity in the animals. CONCLUSION: The formulation and oral administration of SYA in rats showed increased diuretic activity depending on its dose. In short, the results of the present study corroborate the bioprospecting of this species, however, further studies in pre-clinical and clinical trials are needed to validate and employ it in the treatment of cardiac comorbidities.