The aims of this work were microencapsulated Bacillus subtilis using maltodextrin and evaluate optimum spray-drying conditions in microencapsulation. Different concentrations of maltodextrin (25.90 to 54.1%) and inlet air temperatures (82 to 138 °C) were used. The Central Composite Design, with three repetitions at the center point, it allowed you to determine the best drying condition. The values found that maximized yield (68.81%) were using the temperature of 124°C and the concentration of 40% of maltodextrin. The greater viability (78.83%) was achieved using the temperature of 109°C and 40% of maltodextrin.