The current stage of desertification in the Northeast of Brazil has been worsening and the destruction caused by its progress extends to several counties of the State of Pernambuco and intensifies the population vulnerability. In view of the need for information about the desertification process in the counties of the state of Pernambuco, the present work aims at image processing and data acquisition in the Floresta’s city, in order to better understand the desertification process that occurs in our region, monitoring and analysis of cause and effect of this event. Initially, LANDSAT 5 and 8 satellite images were obtained from INPE (National Institute for Space Research) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for the generation of natural vegetation cover data. Rainfall was also obtained from the Pernambuco Water and Climate Agency (APAC). From the data obtained, graphs and tables were developed by rainy periods and low precipitation, in order to justify the processed images. The methodology adopted allowed to perform a temporal space analysis in the countie of Floresta, the influence of rainfall for the development of the local vegetation and identification of areas in the process of desertification.