Time Windows for Demand Responsive Transport in Low-Density Areas: A Simulation-Based Study

Flexible transport, such as Demand Responsive Transport (DRT), is an effective alternative to the inefficient use of conventional public transport in low-population density areas. These systems dynamically adapt to existing demand, operating only when requested. However, considering the complex nature of DRTs and the various possible configurations, designing an efficient system is a challenging task. One aspect that must be carefully analyzed is the duration of the time windows, a period within which a passenger can expect to be picked up. Smaller time windows can potentially increase passenger satisfaction, while larger windows allow for better route optimization and a reduction in denied trips. This study analyzes, through a simulation model, the behavior of different time windows and how they impact the efficiency of flexible transport systems in low-density areas. To this, we examine the performance of various indicators generated by the simulation of these systems under different scenarios.