Proposal of a composite indicator of vulnerability for underserved communities

This study aims to identify, classify, and calculate a composite vulnerability indicator for underserved communities, applied in the municipality of Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. It is based on the understanding that vulnerability goes beyond insufficient income, also encompassing social, economic, environmental, physical, educational, institutional, and infrastructure-related factors. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted to gather and organize the main indicators used in previous studies. The systematization of these elements into analytical categories enabled a broader and more integrated understanding of the different forms of vulnerability present across Sorocaba’s territories. The results are expected to provide a consistent theoretical and practical basis to support public policies and strategic actions aimed at improving living conditions, expanding access to essential services, and reducing inequalities in socially vulnerable communities.