Multiobjective Optimization for Node Placement in IoT/WSN Networks with Resilience Criteria: a Systematic Review

Node positioning in IoT/WSN networks is a combinatorial problem with conflicting objectives, in which resilience is a relevant requirement for applications in outdoor environments. This article presents a systematic review of the literature complemented with content analysis, on multiobjective optimization applied to node placement, with emphasis on resilience as an objective of the Pareto frontier. It was applied to 234 IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science records, obtaining 27 articles published between 2015 and 2026. A matrix of four criteria was defined to evaluate the gap: initial positioning, k-coverage, and m-connectivity as objectives of the Pareto frontier, validated propagation in outdoor environments, and general area. The results consistently show that none of the 27 articles meets the four criteria simultaneously. Based on this diagnosis, a preliminary multiobjective formulation is proposed aimed at closing the identified gap.