HIGH-FAT DIET ALTERS PERFORMANCE DURING RESISTANCE TRAINING IN KNOCKOUT ANIMALS FOR ADIPONECTIN

The high-fat diet (HFD) reduces the expression of adiponectin (Adipoq), compromises muscle strength, and impairs locomotion. Resistance training (RT) can restore adiponectin levels, while Adipoq gene knockout animals (AdipoqKO) show increased body mass and reduced muscle strength. However, the effect of combined HFD and RT in AdipoqKO animals remains unknown. Physical parameters such as potential energy, gravitational energy, and work can describe functional performance, but their application to RT analysis in AdipoqKO animals has not yet been explored. Thus, the aim of this study was to apply these physical parameters to evaluate the performance of AdipoqKO mice subjected to HFD and RT. Twelve AdipoqKO mice (129-Adipoqtm1Chan/J) were used, divided into two groups: ND-RT (normal diet) and HFD-RT (high-fat diet). After three months of diet, the animals underwent RT on an inclined ladder (0.97 × 0.18 m, 2 cm grid, 65° incline), three times per week, for eight weeks, carrying loads proportional to their body mass. The training sessions were recorded to calculate average speed, acceleration, and work (sum of kinetic and gravitational energies). Data were analyzed by one-way or three-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). There was no difference in body mass between groups at the start of training, although both showed an increase by the fourth week, indicating a physiological effect of growth. Weeks, loads, and diet influenced RT time and speed. There was an inversion in the pattern of time and speed between the first and fourth weeks: HFD animals showed an inverse relationship between climbing time and speed. In the fourth week, HFD animals took longer to complete training and did not reach maximum loads. Analysis of physical performance revealed a 68% reduction in loads from 200% to 260% of body mass in the HFD group. It is concluded that the physical performance parameter can be applied to functional analysis in RT and that HFD reduces physical performance in AdipoqKO animals subjected to training.