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Urban malaria in the municipality of Eirunepé-Amazonas, 2012 to 2016

Marcio Pereira Fabiano 1 ; Brenda Marcela Coelho 2
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The municipality of Eirunepé-Am, in the period from 2012 to 2016, according to data from the Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance System - Sivep_Malaria, recorded 8,972, 8,372, 5,172, 6,122, and 586 autochthonous cases of malaria respectively. The Annual Parasitic Incidence (IPA) in this period ranged from 286.06 cases / 1000 inhabitants in 2012 (high risk) to 17.22 cases / 1000 inhabitants in the year 2016 (medium risk) classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). The urban area of the municipality in the same period reported 2,275 (2012), 2,496 (2013), 1,287 (2014), 1,184 (2015) and 130 (2016) autochthonous cases of malaria. The data indicate that Eirunepé is a priority municipality for the control of this disease. The objective of this study was to describe the distribution of malaria cases in an urban area by locality. Data were analyzed using Tableau 10.2 Software. In the period from 2012 to 2106 the urban area reported 7,991 autochthonous cases of malaria, highlighting the year 2012 that presented a significant increase in 267.53% in relation to the same period of 2011. In the year of 2013 the urban area notified 2,496 cases, the highest number of years studied. All the urban localities presented cases, standing out the Neighborhood Nossa Senhora de Fátima with 29.25% (2,337) of the cases, followed by the Santo Antônio District with 22.40% (1790). Despite the increase in cases in 2012 and 2103, reductions in 48.44%, 8% and 89.02% respectively were recorded in 2014 to 2016. It can be observed that the occurrence of malaria cases in urban areas was heterogeneous, being recorded in all neighborhoods. The maintenance of the cases in the urban area of the municipality is mainly related to the existence of innumerable permanent breeding sites known as reservoirs that are distributed throughout the urban area, with the occurrence of the Anopheles darlingi species and the migratory flow of the urban population to a more endemic rural area of the disease.