Sepsis in the in-hospital environment

Introduction: Sepsis is defined as an organ dysfunction resulting from infection, with a higher probability of patient death. Thus, early detection of the risk of sepsis is essential for a therapeutic approach. Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of infections in hospitalized individuals and influence mortality rates. The evolution of sepsis leads the patient to more severe clinical conditions, such as septic shock, which affects circulatory, cellular and metabolic patterns, causing organ failure and a high risk of death. Following this context, it is essential that the multidisciplinary team be able to identify patients with infection and at risk of sepsis for proper conduct and management, also considering the importance of training nurses to identify clinical manifestations and the application of tools, since sepsis is detected, it is essential that the diagnosis and treatment be carried out early. The evaluation using quickSOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment), a tool that is indicated for diagnosing organ dysfunction in individuals at risk of sepsis, may present a variation of two points or more in the score, with evaluation of changes in the level of consciousness, higher respiratory rate or equal to 22 bpm and systolic blood pressure less than 100 mmHg. Objective: To assess the risk of sepsis in patients with suspected infection admitted to the Urgency and Emergency Unit (UUE) using quickSOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment). Methods: This is a descriptive, quantitative, prospective study. A literature review was previously carried out in the Birema virtual library, in the medline, lilacs, Bdenf-enfermagem, WPRIM (Western Pacific) databases. The research will be carried out at the Urgency and Emergency Unit (UUE) of the Padre Albino Hospital in the city of Catanduva-SP. A field survey will be carried out between July and August 2023, using a data collection instrument with questions related to the patient's identification and profile, vital signs, clinical manifestations, exams, antibiotic therapy, quickSOFA score (Sequential Score Organ Failure Assessment) in order to identify the risk of sepsis. Results: The total sample up to the moment of the study was 26 patients. Regarding the demographic profile, 53.9% are considered male, 38.4% aged over 70 years. Regarding the domains, 69.2% have a pre-existing underlying disease, 84.6% have laboratory test results, 38.5% use antimicrobials, 69.2% do not score two criteria or more on the quickSOFA scale. However, 30.8% had two points or more on the scale, succeeding for the risk of sepsis and of the total sample, 92.4% of the patients did not evolve to sepsis. Conclusion: It has been concluded so far that the quickSOFA scale is effective to assess the risk of early sepsis, however, other clinical factors must be considered for the assessment of organ dysfunctions resulting from sepsis and not just the quickSOFA scale.