Educational booklet on pressure injury prevention: guidelines for patients, caregivers and families

Introduction: Pressure injury (PL) consists of localized damage to the skin and/or underlying soft tissues, usually over a bony prominence, caused by tissue ischemia and related to immobility. In Brazil, in public hospitals, it has a prevalence of 40%, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, length of stay and health care costs. In long-stay institutions, there is a prevalence of 3.0% to 15%. With regard to the household, studies indicate between 41.2% and 59% of risk for the development of PI and a prevalence between 8% and 23%, being considered a worrying factor because it is an event that can be prevented in up to 95% of cases. However, limited knowledge of PI preventive measures significantly contributes to its occurrence and/or worsening. Objectives: To develop an educational booklet to guide patients, caregivers and family members about PI prevention. Methods: This is a methodological study with a qualitative approach, of technical production, developed by nursing students from a private institution in the interior of São Paulo, consisting of two stages: 1) identification of the theoretical framework - in the Lilacs databases, Scielo, Google Scholar and textbooks and 2) development and production of an educational booklet. The illustrative images were selected from the internet and some were produced in the Canva 2013 application. The pamphlet was formatted using Adobe Photoshop CS5. Results: After the analysis and synthesis of the theoretical framework, the information was arranged in a didactic, illustrative manner with accessible language and understanding. The booklet has 11 pages and was divided into pre-textual elements (cover, back cover, technology presentation and summary), textual elements (issues related to pressure injuries, such as definition, who can develop these injuries (risk factors), characteristics of PI, stages, most common places for the development of PI, injury by medical device and prevention and Post-textual elements (references, organizers, advisors, support and partnership). Conclusion: It is concluded that the educational booklet presents relevant information in the context of PI prevention, with clear, objective and illustrative language, facilitating understanding in a simplified way, enabling health promotion.