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Bioinks based on bacterial cellulose/alginate functionalized by sodium alendronate or strontium apatite for 3D bioprinting
Ana Soares
Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC
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Crie um tópicoIntroduction: Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has shown significant advances in the medical field. The fabrication of structures and artificial organs has been essential to the recovery of many individuals affected by illness or accidents, including those who have suffered irreversible bone loss. Objectives: This study aimed to produce scaffolds by 3D bioprinting using bioinks based on bacterial cellulose/alginate for bone repair. Methods: Bioinks were prepared using a base hydrogel (HB) of deconstructed bacterial cellulose (BC) and sodium alginate (ALG) functionalized with active components (graphene anchored with silver and sodium alendronate (GrafBone bioink) or associated with strontium apatite (Apatitebone bioink) to evaluate its ability to induce bone tissue regeneration. The bioinks were characterized regarding their rheological properties. After 3D bioprinting, the scaffolds were characterized by swelling capacity, porosity, mechanical, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity and biocompatibility properties. Results The formulated bioinks were odorless, being a homogeneous mixture with predominant viscoelastic characteristics that change from liquid to solid after 0.2 seconds, demonstrating that they gel quickly. The ApatiteBone bioink showed a more evident thixotropic characteristic, represented by the larger hysteresis area. In the compression tests, the wet reticulated GrafBone bioink showed greater resistance to rupture, requiring a force of 17N, while for the ApatiteBone sample it was only 12N. The bioinks in the test with Artemia at a dose of 1000µg/mL for 48h did not show toxicity or viability of Artemias. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the synthesis route developed in the study was successful and that the two produced inks are printable, presenting good mechanical resistance and high biocompatibility.
Tainara Costa
I would like to understand in more detail the extent of the antimicrobial study of the compounds, as well as a more comprehensive explanation of the results obtained for the aforementioned test.
Although the results presented show that the two produced inks are printable, presenting good mechanical resistance and high biocompatibility, do any of the other tests show better applicability of one of the inks than the other?
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Ana Soares
The antimicrobial study came from the idea of producing a printable hydrogel as a product so that it would have greater durability, a longer shelf life. Given this, in one of them, we added a component that already demonstrates an antimicrobial effect (GO-Ag). In the other (ApatiteBone), it was observed that strontium also presented interesting results, probably because it is a metal.
It was observed that ApatiteBone has better printability, as it has a predominantly viscoelastic nature, that is, it resists the shear stress that is emitted in it, breaking the resistance when the piston is activated, but managing to recover due to the properties of the bioink. GrafBone only stands out when the cross-linked piece is formed, as it shows better resistance, but as a hydrogel it is less viscoelastic than ApatiteBone.