Proceedings of International Congress on Bioactive Compounds and International Workshop on Bioactive Compounds
Proceedings of 1st International Congress on Bioactive Compounds and 2nd International Workshop on Bioactive Compounds - Vol. 1 - 2018

Introduction
The use of bacterial pigments with biotechnological potential are growing and advances on this natural source have been developed. Several compounds with different applications in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics and other industries, are investigated, presenting advantages in economic and environmental issues, fulfilling a demand for natural products with potential health benefits and reducing the use of chemically synthesized substances.
Objectives
The present study had as objective to produce and characterize the pigments produced by Lysobacter A03, a rod shape bacteria isolated from penguin feathers, using nutrient medium and mineral medium with feather byproduct from poultry industry as growth substrates.
Methods
The culture media were BHI (37 g/L), feather meal medium supplemented with 1% BHI and feather meal medium (10 g/L). The inoculum (1 mL), pre-adjusted at an OD 600 nm of 1.0, was transferred to 70 mL of culture medium in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask and incubated in an orbital shaker at 250 rpm, 25°C for 48 h. After the incubation time, the cultures were centrifuged at 16000 g for 20 min at 7°C and the supernatant was discarded. The cell pellets were washed 3 times with distilled water followed by centrifugation. The pellets were lyophilized and stored in a desiccator covered from light until the extractions processes. The total lyophilized biomasses were initially macerated with acetone until dry and placed in ultrasonic bath (Ultrasonic Cleaner USC 700, UNIQUE) suspended again in acetone at room temperature (23 2°C). The extraction was repeated until the biomass was free of color. To confirm that the pigment was fully extracted, 2 mL of ethyl acetate and 2 mL of methanol were used in the last extraction. The supernatant containing the pigment was collected and dried with nitrogen and stored at -10°C.
The pigment was characterized by 20% KOH test, UV-visible, CIELAB color system, HPLC-DAD-MS and the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by ABTS method.
Results
The yellow bright pigment from Lysobacter sp. A03 presented some characteristics from and non-brominated xanthomonadin-type pigment. The analyzes showed that the pigment produced by A03 is neither carotenoid nor flexirubin type pigment. The partially purified pigment presented degradation during the saponification processes, showed no color changes when treated with KOH and the max was 419 nm and 427 nm in acetone and chloroform respectively. The pigment presented 62% of antioxidant capacity as evaluated by scavenging of the free radical ABTS.
Conclusions
Lysobacter sp. A03 produces a xanthomonadin-like pigment presenting antioxidant activity. Further purification and characterization of the pigmented compound is necessary since in addition to antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity has already described in the literature. Stability tests should also be performed against factors such as temperature and light. Find a HPLC-DAD-MS protocol to achieve a better purification and eliminate or avoid interferences and elucidate the molecular structure of the biotechnologically viable pigment. There were no differences between the pigments synthetized with the 3 different culture media, only variable amount of the biomass and pigment produced.

Financial support
Scholarship for master's degree given by Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.

Keywords: Xhantomonadine, antioxidant, natural pigments, Lysobacter sp. A03.