Recurrent concussions induce anxiety-like behavior in Wistar rats

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by the mechanical application of an external force to the brain. TBI is classified according to its severity using the Glasgow Coma Scale. Among these classifications, mild TBI is called concussion, usually affecting memory and orientation, which may involve loss of consciousness. Concussions are defined by the acceleration-deceleration of the head, the `whiplash` effect, which abruptly moves the brain, causing microlesions along the tissue. They are common among athletes in contact sports such as American football and boxing, as well as people who suffer from domestic aggression. Concussions are often neglected and can be associated with lifelong anxiety and neuroinflammation. More research is needed on the effects of recurrent concussions. Therefore, the `weight drop` protocol can mimic behaviors and biochemical mechanisms similar to that occurring in humans, facilitating the research for effective therapies for the treatment of these injuries.