Involvement of microglia in the respiratory and behavioral response to hypercapnia in mice

Panic disorder is a condition characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, which are intense episodes of fear and anxiety. Recent research has indicated a potential link between respiratory challenges and the occurrence of panic attacks. The Locus Coeruleus (LC) is a region in the brainstem that is sensitive to changes in carbon dioxide (CO2) and pH and plays a crucial role in regulating respiratory response to hypercapnia and anxiety. Additionally, there is a connection between microglial cells and panic attacks. Microglial cells are involved in detecting imbalances in homeostasis, such as inhaling CO2. However, the specific involvement of microglia in the LC in the ventilatory response and the behavioral changes triggered by high concentrations of CO2 is not yet fully understood.