Intraventricular administration of doxorubicin elicits long-term cardiotoxic effects

Anthracycline-based chemotherapy is the most effective antineoplastic therapeutic approach. The therapeutic mechanism involves the induction of senescence or apoptosis in neoplastic cells. However, despite their therapeutic benefits, anthracyclines induce various adverse effects, mainly cardiovascular disorders. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity are still poorly understood, especially long-term effects.