Expression of potentially immunomodulatory enzymes from tryptophan catabolism in the prognosis of bladder cancer

Bladder cancer (BC) ranks third among the most common carcinomas in Brazil, primarily affecting men over 50 years of age. Despite the availability of conventional treatments, there are still limitations to achieving absolute success. In this context, tumor immunology opens up perspectives, where the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) stands out for degrading the amino acid tryptophan, initiating a cascade that culminates in the generation of catabolites (derived from kynurenine). These catabolites, in different associations, determine degrees of local immunosuppression. These catabolites are generated by other enzymes that have not yet been studied in BC.