USE OF THE FEL METHODOLOGY FOR A PRELIMINARY COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE MAIN DIRECT AIR CO2 CAPTURE TECHNOLOGIES

This study presents a preliminary analysis of three technologies applied to direct air capture (DAC) of CO₂ from the atmosphere: liquid-based absorption (L-DAC), solid-based adsorption (S-DAC), and membrane-based separation (M-DAC). The analysis was structured according to Phase 1 of the Front-End Loading (FEL) methodology, which guides the early development of engineering projects through documents such as the Process Table and the Block Flow Diagram. Unlike most publications in the field, which address these technologies in a conceptual or isolated manner, this work offers a unified and systematized view grounded in engineering practices. The development of these documents enabled a structured and deeper technical understanding of the studied technologies. It is emphasized that a detailed comparison among the technologies and the selection of the most appropriate one for the proposed context will be carried out in the subsequent phases of the FEL methodology, which will be the focus of future studies.