CLIMATE CHANGE AND CO₂ EXCHANGES FROM BRAZIL TO ANTARCTICA (BIOMAR CO2)

The project “How does climate change influence CO₂ fluxes in Brazilian biomes, the Blue Amazon, the Southwest Atlantic and Antarctic Oceans?” - BIOMAR CO2, approved in the joint call from Serrapilheira and Faperj to support young black and/or indigenous people in Ecology, had its kickoff in April 2024.  This innovative initiative brings carbon studies to a new level, creating synergy between the ocean, atmosphere, and biosphere with different spatial and temporal resolutions. The project integrates a wide network of experiments, such as scientific cruises along the Blue Amazon, in partnership with the ongoing C-SCOPE project (Towards Marine Carbon Observations 2.0: Socializing, Connecting, Perfecting, and Expanding), running the first Brazilian ship of opportunity (SOOP) for measuring surface ocean pCO₂. In addition, we also count on cruises between Brazil and Antarctica (Southwest Atlantic and Antarctic Ocean) in partnership with the ATMOS 2.0 project (Antarctic Modeling and Observation System). Additionally, we will utilize the Ameriflux network database to get information from the Brazilian continental biomes. Besides the experiments, satellite and reanalysis data will be applied to characterize environmental conditions and estimate carbon flux time series in the study areas. This project will contribute to a better understanding of the role of the Brazilian continental and marine biomes and the Antarctic Ocean in the global carbon balance, thus enabling decision-making that guarantees the preservation and sustainable use of forests and oceans. The project will strongly support the formation of scientific leaders from underrepresented groups to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion in Brazilian science.