Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Novel Biocompatible Molybdenum and Tungsten Complexes Designed to Increase Enzymatic Processes in the Rhizosphere

Once adsorbed by the plant, molybdenum (Mo) undergoes biosynthetic processes to form molybdenum cofactors (Moco), cycling between the Mo(IV), Mo(V), and Mo(VI) oxidation states within molybdenum-dependent enzymes.[1] Molybdenum acts as a cofactor for nitrate reductase and nitrogenase enzymes, accelerating the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen (N₂).[1] Some life forms are independent of molybdenum but utilize tungsten for their growth, such as anaerobic archaea, which use tungsten as a molybdenum mimetic agent.[2] This study reported the synthesis of Mo-based and W-based coordination compounds with application as a foliar stimulant in cowpea beans (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., cv. Miranda IPA 207).