Synthesis and characterization of the Ru(II)DMSO-amodiaquine complex, a potential antituberculosis agent

Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis developing resistance to multiple first- and second-line drugs, complicating treatment. Consequently, numerous compounds have been investigated as potential antituberculosis agents. Among them, quinoline and quinolone derivatives have attracted interest due to their therapeutic efficacy. In 2010, screening of more than 1,500 antimalarial drugs identified compounds with activity against M. tuberculosis, suggesting new scaffolds and mechanisms for future therapies. This study reports the synthesis of a previously unreported Ru(II)-DMSO complex with amodiaquine, aiming to enhance its antituberculosis activity. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Its biological activity against M. tuberculosis was evaluated and compared with that of the ligand and pyrazinamide (PZA). The Ru(II)-DMSO-amodiaquine complex exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 62.50 µg/mL, compared with 100 µg/mL for PZA.