Development of rare-earth based light converter materials

Rare earth elements (RE: Sc, Y, and La–Lu) have played a pivotal role in global technological development, particularly in advanced technologies for strategic sectors such as energy, healthcare, security, and communications. Consequently, they are often referred to as the “elements of the future.” With the advent of the third industrial revolution and the rapid advancement of lighting and display technologies, rare-earth-based materials have played a prominent role in photonics since the 1960s. For luminescent applications, Ln3⁺ complexes have been extensively explored due to their distinctive photophysical properties, including sharp absorption, excitation, and emission bands, relatively long excited-state lifetimes (typically ranging from microseconds to milliseconds), and high color purity arising from intraconfigurational 4f–4f transitions. Abstract file WITH author identification.