Development of Novel Vanadium(IV)-Based Antihyperglycemic Agent: Synthesis, Characterization, and Acute Oral Toxicity Study

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease affecting 537 million people worldwide, with a projected 643 million cases by 2030. One therapeutic approach currently under study involves the use of metallodrugs with antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic properties. In this context, vanadium compounds are particularly notable in this context. Initial tests using vanadium compounds showed promising results in reducing hyperglycemia; however, these results were limited by toxicity resulting from the accumulation of ionic metal species in muscle, liver, and renal tissues, as well as by the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that cause cell death. Therefore, vanadium coordination compounds are being investigated as a means to overcome the challenges encountered in earlier studies. In this work, a new binuclear vanadium(IV) complex with antioxidant activity and low toxicity was developed.