A novel platinum complex: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antineoplastic activity

This study describes the synthesis, structural characterization, and biological evaluation of a novel platinum(II) complex, cis-[PtCl₂(C₄H₁₂N₂O)] (RAWM), as a potential antineoplastic agent. The complex was obtained in high yield (98 ± 2%) through ligand substitution from K₂PtCl₄ and characterized by UV–Vis, FTIR, ¹H, ¹³C, COSY, HSQC, ¹⁹⁵Pt NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis, confirming its structure and high thermal stability. Biological evaluation demonstrated selective in vitro antiproliferative activity against HL-60 leukemia and L929 fibroblast cells. In vivo studies using Swiss albino mice bearing Ehrlich solid carcinoma showed that RAWM reduced tumor growth by 44.1% compared with the negative control. The combination of high synthetic efficiency, structural stability, and promising antitumor activity highlights cis-[PtCl₂(C₄H₁₂N₂O)] as a promising platinum(II)-based lead compound for further preclinical investigation.