Natural products have been very useful for the discovery of new drugs. According to Newman and Cragg (2016), 73% of new drugs approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) from 1981 to 2014 have some correlation with Natural products. Species of Celastraceae family represent substantial sources of triterpenoids, especially pentacyclic friedelanes, which may present biological activity. For example, 21α-hydroxifriedelan-3,15-dione displays anti-ulcerogenic activity, and friedelin shows antiproliferative, proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. Brazilian Maytenus robusta Reissek (Celastraceae) is known as “espinheira santa”, and its leaves are used to treat gastric ulcers in traditional medicine. In order to investigate the phytochemical profile of this species, branches were collected at the Parque Estadual do Itacolomi (Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil) and their extracts were studied . The chloroform extract (14.0 g) led to new compounds identified as friedel-1-en- 3,16-dione (1) (7.6 mg), 1α,29-dihydroxyfriedelan-3-one (2) (48.4 mg) and 16β,28,29-trihydroxyfriedelan- 3-one (3) (6.7 mg) (Figure 1). Their structures and stereochemistry were carefully assigned by 1D/2D NMR, IR, and HR-APCIMS spectral data.6 1α,29-dihydroxyfriedelan-3-one (2) was assessed for its acetylcholinesterase inhibition and antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Citrobacter freundii, and the fungus Candida albicans. The acetylcholinesterase inhibition was 32.3%, whereas the positive standard eserine showed 98% inhibition, both at the same concentration of 1 mg/mL. Its antimicrobial activity was determined at concentrations ranging from 1.95-250 μg mL−1, and compound 2 showed activity of 42% against Candida albicans and 34% against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 250 μg mL−1. Compounds 1 and 3 were not tested due to their small isolated quantity.