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Analysis of the variation on chlorogenic acids’ concentration towards different post-harvest treatments.

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Chlorogenic acids are natural products commonly found in different plant species. Knowing that the chemical composition of plant tissues can be influenced by a variety of factors, it is believed that the production of these metabolites is a consequence of UV radiation incidence, which induces the gene expression of phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme, stimulating phenylpropanoids biosynthetic pathway. Considering that diverse chlorogenic acids’ pharmacological activities have been described, a better understanding of their production and accumulation is closely related to phytotherapics’ quality parameters. This research aimed to monitor the variation on the concentration of secondary metabolites from the chlorogenic acids’ group on the leaf’s tissue of diverse species, towards different post-harvest treatments. The monitoring was performed through the quantification of the compounds by UPLC-MS/MS. For that, two different collection protocols were developed. On the first one, four leaves from three individuals of the chosen species (Anacardium occidentale L., Annona muricata L., Bauhinia variegata L., Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., Coffea arabica L., Eugenia uniflora L., Rosmarinus officinalis L. e Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) were harvested. The leaves were frozen with liquid nitrogen (aiming to interrupt the tissue metabolism) on different moments – immediately after the collection (T0), 30 min after de collection (T0,5), 1h after the collection (T1) and 2h after the collection (T2). This procedure happened once a month during six months. On the second protocol, a different collection was performed for a broader observation: six leaves were harvested from three individuals from selected species (Rosemary, Cherry, Pata-de-Vaca, Lemon and Coffee), and each leave was frozen on T0 (immediately after the collection), T6 (6h after the collection), T12 (12h after the collection), T24 (24h after the collection), T48 (48h after the collection) and Ts (after leaf’s drying – approximately 30 days after collection). This procedure happened once. The harvested material was extracted and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. MRM mode was chosen for the quantification. The method was developed and optimized for the specific m/z ratio transition of each substance’s fragmentation. The analytical method was validated for linearity, accuracy and precision. Chlorogenic acids’ concentrations did not show a pattern of variation that related to the different treatments or a linear increase on response until 2 hours after the beginning of the tissue catabolism. The samples submitted to a broader treatment interval, however, showed a significant rise on the concentration of different compounds, on leaves that did not have their metabolism interrupted until 30 days after the collection. This accumulation of chlorogenic acids agrees with the hypothesis that the raise on the concentration of these substances can be related to the catabolism of polymeric phenols of higher mass.