Anais do Congresso Paranaense de Microbiologia
IV Congress of Microbiology in Paraná

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis also known as Koch's bacillus, and is the leading cause of death among infectious diseases in the world, with a 90% incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an alcohol-acid resistant, aerobic bacillus with a lipid-rich cell appearance, which provides low permeability and reduces the effectiveness of most antibiotics, which facilitates its life in macrophages. The form of transmission occurs mainly by inhaling droplets containing the bacillus of Koch, expelled by coughing, speaking or sneezing a person with active tuberculosis. Not all infected individuals develop the disease, and it can remain in the body for years without the person showing symptoms, known as latent tuberculosis infection. Tuberculosis treatment is free and aims to cure and reduce the transmission of the disease. However, with the incorrect use of drugs and interruption of treatment, the appearance of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has reduced the success of the treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to colecte retrospective data carried out on the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the years 2018 and 2019 in the 20th Regional Health Department of the State of Paraná. Data collection was carried out through SINAN (Notification Diseases Information System), made available by the IT Department of the SUS (DATASUS). In 2018 and 2019, were diagnosed 70 and 62 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in the 20th Regional Health Department of the State of Paraná, respectively. In 2018, 80% of diagnosed cases were male, predominantly in the age group between 15 and 25 years, and in 2019 74% of diagnosed cases occurred in males, predominantly in the age group between 25 and 35 years. The study allowed us to know and assess the epidemiological situation of pulmonary tuberculosis, referring to cases reported in the 20th Regional Health Department of the State of Paraná, in the years 2018 and 2019, relating to sex and age group. It is concluded that the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis occurs in males in the economically active age group.