ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIA FOUND IN URBAN EFFLUENTS FROM THE CITY OF ARACAJU; SERGIPE.

Enterobacteria are closely related to the health and functioning of the organism of humans and animals. They are part of the family Enterobacteriacea, formed by gram-negative bacilli with many properties in common, some of which make up the normal microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract of several animal species and man. They can act as diners and act on the ecological balance of the gastrointestinal tract. The use of antibiotics on a large scale is altering its resistance profile, increasing its virulence and causing high morbidity. The presence of these microorganisms in urban effluents has dangerously approached these pathogens of the human and animal population on the periphery of large cities and becoming a public health problem. The present study aimed to evaluate the presence of multidrug - resistant enterobacteria and psuedomonas in some of the urban effluents from the city of Aracaju SE. For the isolation, identification and characterization of the bacteria, sewage collections were carried out in November 2014 at two distinct points (Jardins and Industrial Quarter) during the low tide period. Samples from each point were incubated in petri dishes containing culture medium (Levine agar), then the plates were incubated in an oven at 37°C for 24 hours. After the incubation, a total of 1000 isolates from each point were selected for antimicrobial resistance testing. Samples with resistance to the five antibiotics tested (ampicillin, amoxicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline) belonging to the genera: Salmonella (26), Citrobacter (14), Edwardsiella, (8), Enterobacter (23), Shigella Klebsiella (4) and Providencia (5) in the two points of collection. The samples were identified by means of biochemical tests. Among the isolated bacteria, the absence of E. coli, the most common enterobacteria related to humans, was noted. The results show that a large number of multidrug resistant bacteria are present at both points. This may be directly related to the indiscriminate use of these antibiotics by health facilities in Aracaju, in addition to having a share of contribution by the population itself due to the indiscriminate use resulting from the lack of information for the administration of the antibiotics or by not following the recommended dosage or self-medication. Education policies and preventive health and more current legislation, and adequate, for the dispensation of antibiotics in Veterinary Medicine are urgent at this time.