Description and evolution of the vocal apparatuses in Physalaemus olfersii species group (Amphibia: Anura: Leiuperinae)

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Detalhes
  • Tipo de apresentação: Pôster
  • Eixo temático: Anatomia comparada
  • Palavras chaves: Larynx; Leptodactylidae; systematics; Vocal anatomy;
  • 1 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Description and evolution of the vocal apparatuses in Physalaemus olfersii species group (Amphibia: Anura: Leiuperinae)

Bernardo de la Vega Vinolo

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Resumo

The vocal apparatus of anurans is an organ of great evolutionary interest once it impacts on male reproductive success in courtships. However, little is known about the diversity of the vocal apparatus’ anatomy, its evolutionary history, and its importance for systematics. Here, we describe the anatomy of vocal apparatus of Physalaemus species with focus on the P. olfersii species group and explore these anatomical features in an evolutionary framework. We measured and described 26 vocal apparatuses of ten species, of which six belong to P. olfersii group (100%) and four to other species groups of the genus. The preparation of the anatomical pieces was based on dissection protocols followed by double staining procedure. We used recent phylogenies to reconstruct the ancestral states and test phylogenetic signal. In all the species, the vocal apparatus has a general globular shape with the arytenoids covering almost its entire dorsal surface while the anterior process of the cricoid covers most of the ventral surface. The P. olfersii species group has a more anterior and ventral position of the pulvinar vocale. As a consequence, the vocal membrane and its free edge angle has increased in this group. The results of the phylogenetic signal test point to reduction tendencies in thickness of the vocal membrane and size of the secondary fibrous mass, and to an increase in the angle of vocal membrane free edge along P. gr. olfersii. Evidence of anatomical complexity and diversity in the group points to a potential correlation between these traits and acoustic signals. Based on our results, the vocal apparatuses can aid to the systematics of Physalaemus species. Moreover, the evolutionary history of this organ seems to have been very important in this clade by influencing call design.

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